Ukususela kwimbewu encinci, ukukhula kwamakhukhamba kuye kwanyanyekelwa ngokucokisekileyo. Kwindawo ye-nursery ye-greenhouse, imbewu yekhukhamba ihlwayelwa ngobumnene kwi-matrix ye-nursery, efana ne-nursery efudumeleyo. Ubushushu obufanelekileyo, ukufuma kunye neemeko zokukhanya, njengokwanga kukamama, ukunyamekela ukuntshula kwembewu kunye nokukhula kwezithole. Xa izithole zikhula 2-3 amagqabi okwenyaniso, zifana namajoni amancinci malunga nokuya emfazweni kwaye atshintshelwe kwihlabathi elikhulu lendawo yokutyala i-greenhouse.
Emva kokutyala, isithuba phakathi kwemigca kunye nezityalo zamakhukhamba zicwangciswe ngononophelo. Isityalo ngasinye se-cucumber sinendawo eyaneleyo, kunye nesithuba somgca we-100-120 cm kunye ne-30-40 cm yesityalo. Balungelelaniswe kakuhle njengamajoni aqeqeshwe kakuhle. Apha, banokunandipha ukukhanya okwaneleyo kwelanga baze baphefumle ngokukhululekileyo kwindawo enomoya owaneleyo.
Ukuthena kunye nokuxhoma iidiliya zikhonkco ezibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokukhula kwamakhukhamba. Kanye njengemithi yokuthena, abalimi bagcina imidiliya engundoqo ukuze bavelise iziqhamo kwaye basuse ngononophelo imidiliya esecaleni kunye neetendril ukuze zonke izakha mzimba zigxile kwisiqhamo. Iidiliya ezijingayo zivumela izityalo ze-cucumber ukuba zinyuke kunye neentambo, zisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo indawo ethe nkqo ye-greenhouse, ngelixa zivumela ukukhanya kwelanga ukuba kufefe ngokulinganayo kwigqabi ngalinye, kuphuculwe umoya kunye neemeko zokuhambisa ukukhanya, ukuvumela iikomkomere ukuba ziphumelele kwindawo ekhululekile.
Ukudluliselwa kwepoleni kunye nokuncipha kweentyatyambo kunye neziqhamo zikrelekrele ngakumbi. Kule greenhouse ngaphandle kwezinambuzane zendalo ezihambisa i-pollinating, i-pollination encedisiweyo eyenziweyo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezilawuli zokukhula kwezityalo kuye kwaba ngundoqo ekuqinisekiseni i-cucumber fruiting. Intyatyambo kunye neziqhamo ezincitshisiweyo zifana nokuhlolwa ngononophelo, ukususa ezo ziqhamo zigqwethekileyo kunye neentyantyambo zasetyhini ezigqithisileyo, zishiya kuphela iziqhamo ezinempilo kunye nezona zithembisayo, ziqinisekisa ukuba yonke ikhukhamba ingakhula igcwele kwaye ihle.
Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kunye nezifo: umgca ohlaza wokukhusela ukukhusela iikomkomere
Ekulinyweni kwamakhukhamba kwii-greenhouses zeglasi zaseRashiya, izinambuzane kunye nokulawulwa kwezifo yimfazwe ngaphandle kwesibhamu, kunye nokukhusela isicwangciso esiphambili sale mfazwe. Ekungeneni kwendlu eluhlaza, umjelo wokubulala iintsholongwane ufana nesango eliqinileyo lenqaba, elithintela iintsholongwane kunye nezinambuzane ngaphandle komnyango. Wonke umntu kunye nesixhobo esingena kwi-greenhouse kufuneka abulawe ngokungqongqo iintsholongwane, njengokufumana ubhaptizo olungcwele. Ngelo xesha, i-interior ye-greenhouse i-disinfected rhoqo, ukhula kunye neentsholongwane ezigulayo zisuswa ngexesha, kwaye yonke ikona apha igcinwe ingenabala, ingashiyi ithuba lezinambuzane kunye nezifo.
Kukwakho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula umzimba. Umnatha okhusela izinambuzane ufana nomnatha omkhulu okhuselayo, okhusela ngokungenalusini izinambuzane; iibhodi ezityheli neziluhlaza zifana nemigibe emnandi, zitsala izinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo ezinjengeentwala, iimpukane ezimhlophe kunye neethrips ukuba ziwele emgibeni; yaye isibane sokubulala izinambuzane sikhanya ngendlela engaqondakaliyo ebusuku, sibambe yaye sibulala izinambuzane ezikhulileyo, ukuze inani lezinambuzane lincitshiswe kakhulu lingazi.
Ulawulo lwebhayoloji ngumlingo kule mfazwe eluhlaza. Ukukhulula izinambuzane eziziintshaba zendalo, ezifana nezilwanyana ezizingelayo kwi-spider mites kunye ne-trichogrammatids kwi-cucumber borers, kufana nokubiza iqela lamagorha akhaliphileyo ukukhusela iikhukhamba. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane zebhayoloji nako kongeze amandla aluhlaza kule mfazwe. Ngelixa ukuphelisa izinambuzane kunye nezifo, azilonakalisi indalo kunye namakhukhamba ngokwawo.
Kwiindawo zokugcina iiglasi zaseRashiya, ukulinywa kwamakhukhamba akuwona nje umsebenzi wemveliso yezolimo, kodwa kunye nobugcisa obudibanisa isayensi, iteknoloji kunye neengcamango zokusingqongileyo. Ikhukhamba nganye ithwala umsebenzi onzima womlimi kunye nokusukelana nomgangatho. Ngobunzima bomhlaba obandayo kunye nokunyamekelwa kwe-greenhouse, bangena kumawakawaka amakhaya eRashiya, babe zizitya ezimnandi kwiitafile zabantu, kwaye bazise abantu ukutsha kunye nempilo yendalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-13-2024